印刷类平面设计对设计师的要求你了解多少？

平面设计，以其作品终完成的载体为标准可分为印刷类平面设计和非印刷类平面设计。

The plane design can be divided into printing plane design and non printing plane design based on the standard of the final carrier of its works.

印刷类平面设计在平面设计工作中所占比例，设计的范围和内容广，我们平时所接触的书刊、报纸、杂志、画册、票据、账单等都是通过设计和印刷加工制作出来的作品。印刷是一门复杂的技术，做印刷类平面设计除了要具备深厚的美术功底，还必须了解印刷工艺及一些相关知识，才能事半功倍地设计出符合印刷工艺要求的原稿。而事实上一些平面设计人员设计出的作品，通常在印刷后达不到预期的效果，究其原因，就是设计者不懂印刷工艺，不了解印刷技术状况。

Printed graphic design occupies the highest proportion in graphic design work, and the range and content of design are the most extensive. Books, newspapers, magazines, picture albums, bills and bills which are usually touched by books are all produced by design and printing. Printing is a complex technology. For printing graphic design, besides having deep knowledge of art, we must have a comprehensive understanding of printing technology and some related knowledge, so we can design the manuscript that meets the printing process requirements with half the effort. In fact, some graphic designers often fail to achieve the desired results after printing. The reason is that the designers don't know the printing process and have no knowledge of the latest printing technology.

原色与专色的选择

The choice of the original color and the special color

这里所说的原色是指C、M、Y、K及其叠印色，又叫印刷色；专色是指印刷前预先混合而成的特定色油墨，如珍珠蓝、荧光黄等，它不是靠CMYK叠印出来的颜色。在设计时是用CMYK四色印刷还是专色印刷呢？我们从以下三个方面来讨论此问题。

The primary colors refer to C, M, Y, K and superimposition, also called printing; spot color refers to specific color ink printing pre mixed, such as pearl blue and fluorescent yellow, it does not depend on the CMYK of the color overprint. Do you use CMYK four color printing or special color printing at design? We discuss this problem from the following three aspects.

①一般情况下，我们尽量使用原色，避免使用专色、原因有两个方面：一是四色印刷可以组合出大部分的任意色，从而给设计师本人提供的设计自由;二是专色油墨多为进口油墨，高，在印刷时要专门制作一块印版，单由一个机组走纸一次来完成该色的印刷，会大大增加印刷费用。可如果是简单的专色印刷，如报纸的套红标题等其成本比四色印刷成本要低。

In general, we try to use color, spot color, avoid the use of reason has two aspects: one is the four-color printing can be combined with any color most, so as to provide maximum freedom of design to the designer; two is the color ink for imported ink, the price is high, at the time of printing to a special plate a single unit of a paper to complete the color printing, will greatly increase the cost of printing. If a simple spot color printing, such as newspaper headline set its cost than four-color printing costs low.

②很多知名公司的标志颜色都采用特定的颜色，必须用专色印刷，如可口可乐的标志上使用的红，就是一种专色，印刷时必须采用专色油墨以专版印刷。另外一些不同寻常的颜色效果，如荧光黄、珍珠蓝等，也需要专色油墨进行专色印刷才能达到效果。

The color of many well-known company logo using specific colors, must use spot color printing, such as the use of the Coca-Cola logo on the red, is a spot color printing, must be applied to special color ink printing. Other unusual color effects, such as fluorescent yellow, pearl blue and so on, also need special color printing ink for special color printing to achieve the effect.

③复杂的设计往往需使用专色和原色共同完成印刷复制，如某些印刷要在四色印刷的效果上增加公司的专色标志，就必须加一次或两次的专色印刷，这种印刷费用是相当高的。

(3) complex design often requires printing and duplication together with spot color and primary color. For example, some printing must add one or two spot color printing to increase the company's spot color mark on the effect of four-color printing. The printing cost is quite high.

尽量避免陷印处理

Try to avoid trapping

陷印是一项复杂的印前处理技术。在印刷中如果各快印版套印完全准确的话，那么文字、图形和图像相互结合时，在不同颜色相交接时就可能会露出底色，即“露白”，在实际生产中难免出现套准偏差（套印允许公差为0.1mm），即在印刷品上出现没有着墨的“露白”现象。为防止印刷后“露白”，在印前要做陷印的预处理。陷印的原理是：在颜色交界处将浅色的一方向深色的一方扩张。无论是图像还是图形，只要有明显的两色交界，就可能需作陷印处理。印前的陷印处理会丢失图文细节，使之模糊，处理不好还会导致非常糟糕的结果。

Trapping is a complex professional prepress technology. If the print version in the printing overprint completely accurate words, then the text, graphics and image combination, in different colors may intersect connection will reveal the background, namely "white", in the actual production will inevitably lead to the deviation of registration (Registration tolerance 0.1mm), which is in print does not appear most "white" phenomenon. In order to prevent the "white", printed in the prepress to do pretreatment trapping. The trapping principle is: the color at the junction will be a direction of the dark light on one side of the expansion. Both images and graphics, as long as there is at the junction of obvious white, may be required for the trapping process. The trapping process will lose prepress graphic details, make fuzzy processing not good will result in very bad results.